本文目录一览:
- 1、ppd试验是什么
- 2、ppd是什么???
- 3、PPD是什么检查?
- 4、PPD试验是什么?
ppd试验是什么
结核菌素试验又称PPD试验,是指通过皮内注射结核菌素,并根据注射部位的皮肤状况诊断结核杆菌感染所致Ⅳ型超敏反应的皮内试验。
结核菌素是结核杆菌的菌体成分,包括纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)和旧结核菌素(OT)。该试验对诊断结核病和测定机体非特异性细胞免疫功能有参考意义。
常用皮内注射法,常规消毒后将试验液注射于前臂屈侧皮内,48~72小时观察结果,如48小时结果看不清,应以72小时的结果为准,注意局部有无硬结,不可单独以红晕为标准。
图为结核菌素试验诱发bazin硬红斑
扩展资料:
在学校的健康体检中,经常会遇到结核菌素试验(PPD试验),结核菌素皮肤试验(PPD试验)是测定是否感染结核菌的一种传统 *** ,是结核病筛查的主要手段,也是目前世界卫生组织推荐发展中国家优先使用的结核病筛查 *** 。
其中,PPD是结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物的缩写,是从结核杆菌培养、滤液中获得的活性物质,其主要成分是蛋白质,对已受结核菌感染或曾接受过卡介苗免疫的机体,能引起特异的皮肤变态反应。
参考资料:百度百科—结核菌素试验
参考资料:人民健康网—学生体检,做结核菌素试验有必要吗
ppd是什么???
PPD就是指结核菌素纯蛋白衍化物试验,属于Ⅳ型变态反应原理的一种皮肤试验,用来检测机体有无感染过结核杆菌。凡感染过结核杆菌的机体,会产生相应的致敏淋巴细胞,具有对结核杆菌的识别能力。当再次遇到少量的结核杆菌或结核菌素时,致敏T淋巴细胞受相同抗原再次 *** 会释放出多种可溶性淋巴因子,导致血管通透性增加,巨噬细胞在局部集聚,导致浸润。
PPD试验的结果观察是这样的,测量硬结的平均直径(横径+纵径)/2,.如果硬结直径(注意:不是红包只是外缘的红晕)小于等于4mm就是阴性,5-9是弱阳性,10-19为阳性,20以上为强阳性。
结果约在48~72小时内可见,强阳性提示体内有活动性结核灶,局部出现红肿硬节且平均直径大于5毫米就是阳性反应,说明受试者感染过结核杆菌或接种过卡介苗。若受试者未感染过结核杆菌,则注射局部无变态反应发生,实验结果则为阴性。当然自身情况很糟糕免疫缺陷或抑制也可以出现假阴性
PPD是什么检查?
PPD是用来检查肺结核的,一般72小时看结果。一般肺部穿刺可以一次性明确病情。PPD也就是人型结核菌素(OT)纯蛋白衍生物的简称。PPD试验是用PPD代替OT(结核菌素)注射到人体前臂皮内,观察72小时反应,是检查机体是否已受过结核菌的感染而产生免疫力。是判断有无结核病的一种早期辅助诊断 *** 。
PPD试验是什么?
PPD试验:结核菌素试验。
结核菌素试验又称PPD试验,是指通过皮内注射结核菌素,并根据注射部位的皮肤状况诊断结核杆菌感染所致Ⅳ型超敏反应的皮内试验。
结核菌素是结核杆菌的菌体成分,包括纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)和旧结核菌素(OT)。该试验对诊断结核病和测定机体非特异性细胞免疫功能有参考意义。
扩展资料:
临床意义:
1,用于诊断与鉴别诊断
结核菌素试验对青少年、儿童及老年人结核病的诊断和鉴别有重要作用,是较为重要的辅助检查 ***
2,为接种卡介苗提供依据
如结核菌素试验阳性时,表明体内已感染过结核菌,无须再接种卡介苗。结核菌素试验阴性者为卡介苗的接种对象。
3,为测定免疫效果提供依据
一般在接种卡介苗3个月以后做结核菌素试验,了解机体对卡介苗是否产生免疫力。如结核菌素试验阳性,提示卡介苗接种成功,反之需重新再进行卡介苗接种。
参考资料:百度百科---结核菌素试验
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